Traditional Braking system
The braking principle of traditional fuel vehicles is the process of converting the vehicle's kinetic energy into heat energy through friction.
For example, in the hydraulic braking system commonly used in passenger cars, when the driver depresses the brake pedal, the push rod (power assist) pushes the master cylinder piston so that the oil in the master cylinder enters the brake wheel cylinder. The brake fluid causes the piston to push the brake shoe outward, pressing the friction plate against the brake drum and creating a braking torque that prevents the wheel from rotating. When the brake pedal is released, the brake is released by the action of the return spring.
Brake-by-wire system
The brake-by-wire system is the same as the wire control transmission system,also called wire control braking. The brake pedal and brake function are no longer connected physically, but by wire control.
The original hydraulic system is no longer connected to the pedal. The original hydraulic system, power assist system, and brake are all handled by the electronic system.
The brake pedal sensor provides feedback electrical signals to the pedal force (magnitude, speed) and the ECU integrates vehicle status information such as vehicle speed to drive and control the actuator motor to generate the required braking force.
Advantages of Brake-by-wire System
For example, it reduces the number of physical connections, reduces weight, and increases space in the vehicle.
For example, electrical signals can be used to transmit braking intentions to the brakes more quickly, significantly reducing braking response time and stopping distance. Previously, it often took half a second to a second for the vehicle to react after the brake was applied. Now, a light tap on the brake is enough to calculate the reaction time in milliseconds, which can be immediately reflected in the actual driving.
And wire control braking can also well control the regenerative braking system of electric vehicles and improve the recovery efficiency of regenerative braking. Since the brake pedal of the conventional brake system is connected to the hydraulic system/brake system, the energy recovery has to be increased by a corresponding linkage structure, which results in wasted space and increased weight. The brake pedal of the wire control brake is decoupled from the pressure system of the brake system, and the brake recovery function can be directly engaged electronically. During the deceleration process, the drive motor acts as a generator, utilizing the backward resistance of the wheel to generate electrical energy and simultaneously generate wheel braking torque to brake the vehicle.
In addition, wire control braking can adjust the feedback of the pedal, that is, the weight and foot feel of the brake corresponding to the long section of the brake stroke, so that the mapping relationship between the brake pedal and the actual brake can be customized, giving the driver a more appropriate brake foot feel.
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